Earl LeRoy “Buddy” Carter (born September 6, 1957)^[1] is an American pharmacist and politician serving as the U.S. representative for Georgia’s 1st congressional district since 2015. The district is based in Savannah and includes most of the state’s coastal southern portion. A member of the Republican Party, Carter served as a Georgia state representative (2005–2009) and Georgia state senator (2009–2014).^[2][3] His congressional district encompasses much of Georgia’s coastal region, including Savannah, Brunswick, and the Golden Isles.

Carter is a licensed pharmacist and the only pharmacist currently serving in Congress, which has shaped his legislative priorities, particularly on healthcare and prescription drug policies. In Congress, he has been an advocate for lowering drug prices, expanding access to healthcare, and deregulating the pharmaceutical industry. He has also been an outspoken proponent of conservative economic policies, tax reform, and environmental deregulation, often aligning with party leadership on key issues.

Throughout his tenure, Carter has served on the House Committee on Energy and Commerce and the House Budget Committee, influencing legislation on healthcare, telecommunications, and fiscal policy. He is also a member of several congressional caucuses, including the Republican Study Committee, the House Baltic Caucus, and the Congressional Blockchain Caucus.

Before entering politics, Carter worked as a pharmacist and businessman, owning and operating multiple independent pharmacies in Georgia. He has continued to emphasize his experience in healthcare as a cornerstone of his political career. Carter resides in Pooler, Georgia, and is known for his strong support of conservative policies, free-market principles, and limited government intervention.

Carter graduated in 1975 from Robert W. Groves High School in Garden City, Georgia. He earned an associate degree from Young Harris College in 1977 and a Bachelor of Science in pharmacy from the University of Georgia in 1980. Carter was conferred the honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree by Young Harris College at its 2024 commencement ceremony.^[4]

Carter is a Methodist.^[5] He is not related to late former U.S. President and fellow Georgian Jimmy Carter.^[6]

Carter served on the planning and zoning commission for the city of Pooler from 1989 to 1993 and on Pooler’s city council from 1994 to 1995. He served as Pooler’s mayor from 1996 to 2004. Carter was first elected to the state legislature in 2005, serving two terms in the Georgia House of Representatives from 2006 to 2010. He was elected to the Georgia Senate in 2009.^[2] He sat on the Senate Appropriations, Health and Human Services, Higher Education, and Public Safety committees.^[2]

In March 2014, a controversy emerged regarding S.B. 408, a bill authored by Carter that would increase reimbursement rates for pharmacies in Georgia. As he is the owner of three pharmacies that would see increased profits as a result of the bill, many considered his vote in violation of the Senate’s ethical guidelines. “Obviously, it’s borderline,” he admitted.^[7]

Carter gave up his state senate seat in 2014 to run for Congress after 22-year incumbent Jack Kingston announced he was running for the United States Senate. He finished first in the six-way Republican primary–the real contest in this heavily Republican district–with 36% of the vote, well short of the 51% required for outright victory.^[8] He then defeated Bob Johnson in the runoff with 53% of the vote.^[9] In the general election, he defeated the Democratic nominee, Brian Reese, with 60.9% of the vote, carrying all but two counties in the district.^[10] In 2016, he was unopposed in both the primary and general elections, and took over 99% of the vote against a write-in candidate.^[11][12]

Carter was reelected in 2018, 2020, and 2022. The Democratic challengers both years were the first since 1992 to clear 40% of the vote in the district.^{[citation needed]}

Carter has considered running against Democratic incumbent Jon Ossoff in the 2026 United States Senate election in Georgia.

In May 2023, Carter listed a property in Camden County, Georgia, for sale for $4.25 million after having purchased it in 2018 for $2.05 million.^[13] He had not listed the property in his Congressional financial disclosures and instead said he had not bought the property as an investment. Shortly after purchasing the property he urged the FAA to issue Camden a launch site operator’s license, which would have increased the value of his property tremendously, but he did not disclose that he owned nearby property in his letter.

On January 6, 2021, in a vote held after protestors stormed the U.S. Capitol, Carter voted against certifying the 2020 presidential election due to unfounded claims made by the president, a vote he has continued to defend, saying it “will be a cold day in hell” before he apologizes for it.^[14]

The marijuana legalization advocacy organization NORML has rated Carter an “F.”^[15]

Carter voted against the Veterans Equal Access Amendment in 2015 and 2016 (which would expand access to medical marijuana for veterans), against the McClintock/Polis Amendment in 2015 (which would prevent the Department of Justice from prosecuting federal marijuana offenses that are legal in the state) and against the Rohrabacher/Farr Amendment in 2015 (which would prevent federal officials from interfering with a state’s medical marijuana program).^{[16][failed verification]} Carter’s positions on cannabis put him in direct opposition to the efforts of VSO’s such as the DAV.^[17]

In 2017, Carter renewed his push to drug-test people who receive unemployment insurance.^[18]

Carter is against cannabis legalization. He has called it “nothing more than a gateway drug”. On April 1, 2022, Carter voted against the MORE Act, which would have decriminalized cannabis at the federal level, allowing states to set their own policies.^[19][20][21]

Carter supports the repeal of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). He has said that there is no circumstance that would induce him to vote in favor of keeping the ACA, including if most of his constituents were in favor of it.^[22]

On July 26, 2017, Carter was asked during a live television interview if he supported Trump‘s criticism of U.S. Senator Lisa Murkowski for her opposition to the procedural vote to begin the Senate’s healthcare debate. Carter said he did, adding, “Somebody needs to go over there to that Senate and snatch a knot in their ass.”^[23] The incident prompted widespread media coverage.^[24][25][26]

In 2024, Carter introduced a bipartisan bill that would promote innovation for animal-free drug testing, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Modernization Act 3.0.^[27][28]

Carter voted for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017,^[29] saying he believed it would make businesses in his district more competitive in a global market. He also said it would help his constituents earn and/or save more money.^[30] Carter is a sponsor of “H.R.25 The FairTax Act of 2023” which would abolish the current US tax structure and replace it with a yearly adjustable variable “national sales tax” (value-added tax) starting at 23% in 2025 to be administered by the states and remitted to the Treasury of the United States.^[31]

Carter co-sponsored a bill that would let illegal immigrants serve in the U.S. military in exchange for legal residency.^[32]

Carter supported Trump’s 2017 executive order to temporarily curtail immigration from seven countries until better screening methods are devised. He said, “While I believe there needs to be thoughtful clarifications on the executive actions similar to Secretary Kelly’s announcement about lawful permanent residents, the number one priority of the federal government is to provide for the common defense.”^[33]

Carter wants to prohibit all federal funding from sanctuary cities in Georgia (sanctuary cities prohibit city officials from asking about a person’s immigration status when they report an unrelated crime).^[34] He also said he would like to test the huge backlog of rape kits in Georgia, except in sanctuary cities.^[35]

Carter opposes abortion. He cosponsored the Sanctity of Human Life Act (H.R. 586), which would make all abortions illegal.^[36]

H.R. 586 provides a constitutional right to life to embryos at the moment of fertilization.^[37] A similar bill in the Senate, S. 231, claims to not target women who use birth control, women who suffer from miscarriages, or families that want to conceive using vitro fertilization,^[38] but the House bill contains no such exceptions.^{[citation needed]} When asked by a constituent during a town hall in Savannah whether he had concerns about restricting access to birth control when rape is so common on college campuses, Carter replied, “I’m not going to vote for any bill that endorses abortion.”^[39] H.R. 586, which would ban abortion, contains no exceptions for the life or health of the mother or cases of rape or incest.

When asked during a February 2017 town hall in Savannah whether religious doctrine should be taught in public school science classes, Carter responded, “I have always thought we should teach the Bible in school.”^[40]

Carter has said that same-sex marriage should be illegal.^[41]

During an August 2017 town hall in Brunswick, Carter said he supported a ban on transgender people serving in the military, saying, “I don’t want ’em serving in the military. I’m sorry.”^[42][43]

Carter is a strong supporter of gun rights, and has an “A” rating from the NRA Political Victory Fund for his stances on gun issues.^[44]

In February 2018, during a town hall in Hinesville, when asked about mass shootings in America, Carter told attendees to not look to Congress for answers about gun violence, saying Congress is not responsible for gun violence in America.^[45]

In December 2020, Carter was one of 126 Republican members of the House of Representatives to sign an amicus brief in support of Texas v. Pennsylvania (2020), a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court contesting the results of the 2020 presidential election, in which Joe Biden defeated^[46] Trump. The Supreme Court declined to hear the case on the basis that Texas lacked standing under Article III of the Constitution to challenge the results of an election held by another state.^[47][48][49] House Speaker Nancy Pelosi issued a statement that called signing the amicus brief an act of “election subversion.”^[50][51]

Carter voted to provide Israel with support following 2023 Hamas attack on Israel.^[52][53]

On February 11, 2025, Carter introduced a bill, H.R. 1161, authorizing Donald Trump to acquire Greenland and rename it “Red, White, and Blueland.”^[54]

For the 119th Congress:^[55]

• Committee on Energy and Commerce
  • Subcommittee on Communications and Technology
  • Subcommittee on Environment
  • Subcommittee on Health (Chair)
• Committee on the Budget

• Congressional Blockchain Caucus^[56]
• House Baltic Caucus^[57]
• Republican Study Committee^[58]
• Republican Governance Group^[59]
• United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus^[60]
• U.S.–Japan Caucus^[61]

• Congressman Buddy Carter official U.S. House website
• Buddy Carter for Congress
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
• Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress
• Profile at Vote Smart